汽车保养时需要更换或检查的油液主要包括以下几种：

The oils that need to be replaced or checked during car maintenance mainly include the following:

一、发动机机油

1、 Engine oil

作用：发动机机油是汽车发动机内部的润滑剂，主要作用是润滑、冷却、清洁、密封和防锈。它能够减少发动机各部件之间的摩擦和磨损，延长发动机的使用寿命。

Function: Engine oil is the lubricant inside the car engine, mainly used for lubrication, cooling, cleaning, sealing, and rust prevention. It can reduce friction and wear between various components of the engine, extending the service life of the engine.

更换周期：

Replacement cycle:

合成机油：抗氧化性能较好，一般每6000至8000公里或一年左右更换一次。

Synthetic engine oil: It has good antioxidant performance and is generally replaced every 6000 to 8000 kilometers or about a year.

矿物机油：更换周期相对较短，一般每5000公里或半年左右更换一次。

Mineral engine oil: The replacement cycle is relatively short, usually every 5000 kilometers or about six months.

注意：不同品牌和车型的发动机机油更换周期可能有所不同，建议参考汽车保养手册进行更换。

Attention: The engine oil change cycle may vary among different brands and models. It is recommended to refer to the car maintenance manual for replacement.

二、变速箱油

2、 Transmission fluid

作用：变速箱油是变速箱内部的润滑剂，主要作用是润滑、冷却、清洁和防锈。它能够确保变速箱内部齿轮和轴承等部件的正常运转，减少磨损和故障。

Function: Transmission oil is a lubricant inside the transmission, mainly used for lubrication, cooling, cleaning, and rust prevention. It can ensure the normal operation of internal components such as gears and bearings in the gearbox, reducing wear and failure.

更换周期：

Replacement cycle:

自动变速箱油：理论寿命可达15万公里，但一般建议在6至10万公里左右更换一次。在恶劣行驶条件下，应提前更换。

Automatic transmission fluid: The theoretical lifespan can reach 150000 kilometers, but it is generally recommended to replace it every 60000 to 100000 kilometers. Under harsh driving conditions, it should be replaced in advance.

手动变速箱油：更换周期相对较短，一般每4至6万公里更换一次。同样，在恶劣行驶条件下也应提前更换。

Manual transmission oil: The replacement cycle is relatively short, usually every 40000 to 60000 kilometers. Similarly, it should be replaced in advance under harsh driving conditions.

注意：原装变速箱油是根据变速箱的结构和材料专门配制的，不建议随意更换其他品牌的变速箱油。

Attention: The original transmission oil is specially formulated according to the structure and materials of the transmission, and it is not recommended to replace it with other brands of transmission oil at will.

三、刹车油

3、 Brake fluid

作用：刹车油是汽车制动系统中的重要组成部分，主要作用是传递制动力。它能够确保刹车系统在各种条件下都能正常工作，提高行车安全性。

Function: Brake fluid is an important component of the automotive braking system, mainly used to transmit braking force. It can ensure that the braking system can work normally under various conditions, improving driving safety.

更换周期：刹车油具有吸湿性，会吸收空气中的水分，导致沸点降低。因此，建议每2年或4至6万公里更换一次刹车油。在潮湿或多雨地区，应适当缩短更换周期。

Replacement cycle: Brake oil has hygroscopicity and can absorb moisture from the air, leading to a decrease in boiling point. Therefore, it is recommended to replace the brake fluid every 2 years or 40000 to 60000 kilometers. In humid or rainy areas, the replacement cycle should be appropriately shortened.

四、动力转向油

4、 Power steering fluid

作用：动力转向油是汽车转向系统中的重要润滑剂，主要作用是提供转向助力，减轻驾驶员的转向负担。

Function: Power steering fluid is an important lubricant in the automotive steering system, mainly used to provide steering assistance and reduce the steering burden on the driver.

更换周期：动力转向油的更换周期一般为每4万公里左右。如果方向盘转动变得沉重或有噪音，可能是动力转向油不足或变质所致，此时应及时检查和更换动力转向油。

Replacement cycle: The replacement cycle of power steering oil is generally around every 40000 kilometers. If the steering wheel turns heavy or makes noise, it may be due to insufficient or deteriorated power steering oil. At this time, the power steering oil should be checked and replaced in a timely manner.

五、其他油液

5、 Other fluids

冷却液/防冻液：冷却液/防冻液的主要作用是冷却发动机并防止其冻结。建议每3至5年或10万公里左右更换一次冷却液/防冻液，并定期检查液位和冰点。

Coolant/Antifreeze: The main function of coolant/antifreeze is to cool the engine and prevent it from freezing. It is recommended to replace the coolant/antifreeze every 3 to 5 years or around 100000 kilometers, and regularly check the fluid level and freezing point.

玻璃水：玻璃水用于清洗汽车挡风玻璃，确保驾驶员视野清晰。建议根据使用情况及时添加或更换玻璃水。

Glass water: Glass water is used to clean the windshield of a car to ensure clear visibility for the driver. It is recommended to add or replace glass water in a timely manner according to usage.

综上所述，汽车保养时需要更换或检查的油液主要包括发动机机油、变速箱油、刹车油、动力转向油以及冷却液/防冻液等。这些油液的定期更换和检查对于确保汽车的正常运转和行车安全至关重要。

In summary, the oils that need to be replaced or checked during car maintenance mainly include engine oil, transmission oil, brake oil, power steering oil, and coolant/antifreeze. Regular replacement and inspection of these fluids are crucial for ensuring the normal operation and driving safety of the car.

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