在单线多品种的混线生产过程中，因产品的不同，共线制造中存在错装、错位和错接等潜在风险，增加了汽车的检验和维修工作，影响生产效率和制造成本。在汽车维修中也存在一些问题，济南哪里有宝马汽车维修的？下面将具体分析汽车维修中存在的问题，同时提出一些可操作的解决这些问题的对策。

In the process of mixed production of single line and multiple varieties, due to different products, there are potential risks such as wrong installation, dislocation and wrong connection in the collinear manufacturing, which increases the inspection and maintenance of vehicles and affects production efficiency and manufacturing costs. There are also some problems in car maintenance. Where does Jinan have BMW cars repaired? The following will specifically analyze the problems in vehicle maintenance, and propose some operable countermeasures to solve these problems.

(1)火烧加热活塞装配全浮式活塞销。在装配发动机全浮式活塞销时，有用油棉线燃火来加热活塞的，以方便装活塞销。这样做容易使活塞变形，造成活塞金相组织改变，并使镀锡的减磨作用。

(1) The burning heating piston is equipped with a full floating piston pin. When assembling the fully floating piston pin of the engine, the piston can be heated with oil cotton thread to facilitate the installation of the piston pin. It is easy to deform the piston, change the metallographic structure of the piston, and reduce the wear of tin plating.

(2)气焊烤割重要部位。应锈蚀、变形或装配过紧而难拆卸的零部件，采用氧气焊烤、割以配合拆卸。这样做会使重要零部件产生形变、退火，使其精度和力学性能降低，从而降低了使用寿命，并易产生故障。

(2) Gas welding and cutting important parts. Parts that should be rusted, deformed or assembled too tightly and difficult to disassemble shall be welded and cut with oxygen to facilitate disassembly. This will cause deformation and annealing of important parts and components, reduce their accuracy and mechanical properties, thus reducing their service life and prone to failure.

(3)单片更换曲轴主轴承或在轴承背垫纸。由于曲轴主轴承多数上片磨损小，故又采用只更换下片轴承。这样做会使曲轴轴承圆度、圆柱度误差加大，加剧轴承和轴颈的磨损。在轴承背垫纸同样会破坏轴承圆度、圆柱度及其与曲轴的同轴度，同时还影响轴承散热，容易烧坏轴承。

(3) Replace the crankshaft main bearing in one piece or pad paper on the bearing back. Since most upper bearings of the crankshaft have little wear, only the lower bearing is replaced. This will increase the roundness and cylindricity errors of crankshaft bearings, and aggravate the wear of bearings and journals. Backing paper on the bearing will also damage the roundness and cylindricity of the bearing and its coaxiality with the crankshaft, and also affect the heat dissipation of the bearing, which is easy to burn the bearing.

(4)用砂纸打磨轴承。用砂纸打磨曲轴、连杆和凸轮轴的轴承时，会使砂纸上的硬质沙粒嵌入较软的轴承合金内，形成磨料磨损。故应用机械刀具铰削或刮刀手工刮削为宜。

(4) Grind the bearing with sandpaper. When grinding the bearings of crankshaft, connecting rod and camshaft with abrasive paper, the hard sand particles on the abrasive paper will be embedded in the soft bearing alloy, forming abrasive wear. Therefore, it is appropriate to use mechanical cutter reaming or scraper manual scraping.

(5)用粉笔着色检查齿轮啮合印痕。硬粉笔中含有硬粒，容易使齿轮表面产生磨料磨损。故应用红丹油等油质颜料着色，检查齿轮的啮合印痕。

(5) Check the gear engagement mark with chalk coloring. Hard chalk contains hard particles, which are easy to cause abrasive wear on the gear surface. Therefore, oil pigments such as red lead oil shall be used for coloring to check the engagement marks of gears.

(6)截短油环中的内胀簧。有的维修人员将组合式油环中的内胀簧截短，因内胀簧起着径向、轴向的.弹性作用，在截短后，使其作用下降，刮油能力也会下降，从而会过早产生气缸窜油现象。

(6) Cut off the internal expanding spring in the oil ring. Some maintenance personnel cut the internal expansion spring in the combined oil ring short, because the internal expansion spring plays a radial and axial role After the elastic action is shortened, its action will be reduced, and the oil scraping ability will also be reduced, so that the oil leakage of the cylinder will occur prematurely.

(7)应该做装配记号的不做。汽车各配合件经磨合后，形成了相互适应的配合状况，在拆卸前应对某些件(轴承盖、主减速器从动圆锥齿轮、差速器壳、离合器总成与飞轮等)做好装配记号，以免安装时装错造成元配件间隙破坏或出现故障，破坏平衡。

(7) Do not make assembly marks. After running in, all matching parts of the car have formed a mutually adaptive matching condition. Before disassembly, make assembly marks for some parts (bearing cover, driven bevel gear of main reducer, differential housing, clutch assembly and flywheel, etc.

(8)不按顺序拆卸。汽车许多零件是经若干螺栓紧固于一体。拆卸不当，会造成盘类、板类零件的翘曲变形。如气缸螺栓(螺母)等，对扭矩大的螺栓应分多次逐步拆卸，以保证这些零部件不发生变形或断裂。故应按拆卸顺序和要求进行拆卸。

(8) Dismantle it out of sequence. Many parts of automobile are fastened together by several bolts. Improper disassembly will cause warping deformation of disc and plate parts. For example, cylinder bolts (nuts), bolts with large torque shall be disassembled step by step for many times to ensure that these parts will not be deformed or broken. Therefore, the disassembly shall be carried out according to the disassembly sequence and requirements.

此外汽车中的某些零件因长期的静配和使用相互间发生锈蚀而难以拆卸，采用锤击后可使两个零件脱开。但锤击时要选择正确的锤击部位，既砸不坏机件，又能产生较好的锤击效果。若锤击不正确，必然不会得到好的效果。更多相关内容就来我们网站http://www.lutongqixiu.com进行咨询了解吧！

In addition, some parts of the automobile are difficult to disassemble due to corrosion between them due to long-term static configuration and use, and two parts can be separated after hammering. However, when hammering, the correct hammering position shall be selected, which can not damage the parts, but also produce good hammering effect. If the hammering is not correct, it will not get good results. More relevant content will come to our website http://www.lutongqixiu.com Consult and understand!