预防车辆漏油措施
Measures to Prevent Oil Leakage in Vehicles
1.重视衬垫作用。汽车静置部位(如各接合端面、各端盖、壳体、罩垫、平面珐琅盖板等)零部件之间的衬垫起着防漏密封作用。若在材料、制作质量及安装上不符合技术规范，就起不到密封防漏作用，甚发生事故。如油底壳或气门罩盖，由于接触面积大而不易压实，由此造成漏油。拆装时注意妥善放置，仔细检查，并按规范装配。
1. Pay attention to the role of liner. The gaskets between the parts of automobile stationary position (such as joint end face, end cap, shell, cover pad, plane enamel cover plate, etc.) play a leak-proof sealing role. If the material, manufacturing quality and installation do not meet the technical specifications, it will not play a sealing and leak-proof role, or even accidents. For example, the oil pan or valve cover is not easy to compact because of its large contact area, resulting in oil leakage. When disassembling and assembling, pay attention to proper placement, carefully check, and assemble according to the specifications.
2.车上各类紧固螺母都需按规定的扭矩拧紧。过松压不紧衬垫会渗漏;过紧又会使螺孔周围金属凸起或将丝扣拧滑而引起漏油。另外，油底壳放油螺塞若未拧紧或回松脱落，容易造成机油流失，继而发生“烧瓦抱轴”的机损事故。
2. All kinds of fastening nuts on the car should be tightened according to the prescribed torque. Over-loosening and not tightening the liner will leak; over-tightening will make the metal around the screw hole protrude or screw the thread to slip and cause oil leakage. In addition, if the oil discharging screw plug of the oil pan is not tightened or loosened off, it is easy to cause oil loss, and then a damage accident of "burning tile and holding axle" occurs.
3.及时更换失效油封。车上很多动置部位(如油封、O型圈)会因安装不妥，轴颈与油封刃口不同心，偏摆而甩油。有些油封使用过久会因橡胶老化而失运河弹性。发现渗漏应及时更新。
3. Replace the invalid oil seal in time. Many moving parts (such as oil seals and O-rings) on the vehicle will throw oil due to improper installation, the journal and the edge of the oil seals are not concentric, and the yaw. Some oil seals will lose elasticity due to ageing of rubber when they are used too long. The leakage should be updated in time.
4.汽车零件使用过久会产生磨损过限(如活塞与汽缸等)，导致燃烧室内高压气体窜入曲轴箱，并迫使机油外漏。因此，当加机油口盖处废气外窜严重时，应及早检修或更换磨损件。
4. Excessive wear and tear (such as piston and cylinder) will occur when automobile parts are used too long, which will lead to high-pressure gas in combustion chamber into crankcase and force oil leakage. Therefore, when the exhaust gas channeling from the oil filling cover is serious, the wear parts should be repaired or replaced as soon as possible.
5.避免单向阀、通气阀堵死。由此引起箱壳内温度升高，油气充满整个空间、排放不出运河，使箱壳内压力升高润滑油消耗增加和更换周期缩短。发动机通气系统堵塞后，增加了活塞的运动阻力，使油耗增加。由于箱壳内外气压差的作用，往往会引起密封薄弱处漏油。因此需对车辆进行定期检查、疏通、清洗。
5. Avoid blocking of one-way valves and ventilation valves. As a result, the temperature in the case rises, the oil and gas fills the whole space and can not be discharged into the canal, thus increasing the pressure in the case and increasing the consumption of lubricating oil and shortening the replacement period. After the blockage of the engine ventilation system, the motion resistance of the piston is increased and the fuel consumption is increased. Owing to the effect of pressure difference between inside and outside of the case, oil leakage at weak seals is often caused. Therefore, regular inspection, dredging and cleaning of vehicles are needed.
6.妥善解决各类油管接头密封。车用联管螺母经常拆装，容易滑丝断扣而松脱;两接头喇叭口精度差，两锥面中心线不重合而接触不良;锥度不同而不相吻合，由此均会引起渗油。更换联管螺母，用研磨法解决其锥面密封，使螺母压紧而解决密封。
6. Solve all kinds of tubing joint seals properly. Vehicle coupling nuts are often disassembled and assembled, easy to slip thread break and loosen; the accuracy of horn mouth of two joints is poor, and the center line of two cones does not coincide and contact is poor; different taper does not coincide, which will cause oil seepage. Replace the joint nut and solve the conical seal by grinding, so that the nut can be pressed tightly and the seal can be solved.
7.避免轮毂甩油。轮毂轴承及腔内润滑油脂过多，或其油封装配不妥，质量不良及老化失效;制动频繁引起的轮毂温度过高;车轴螺母松动等都会引起轮毂甩油。因此有用“空腔润滑法(即适量润滑)”，疏通通气孔，严格选择配件，并按工艺规范进行装配和高速。
7. Avoid hub oil shaking. Excessive lubrication grease in hub bearings and cavity, improper oil package, poor quality and aging failure, excessive hub temperature caused by frequent braking, loosening axle nuts and so on will cause hub oil rejection. Therefore, it is useful to use "cavity lubrication method" (that is, appropriate lubrication), dredge air vents, strictly select high-quality accessories, and assemble and high-speed according to process specifications.
车辆的维护检修要点
Key Points of Vehicle Maintenance and Repair
在极为清洁的条件下进行装配，零件工作表面无磕碰、无划痕、毛刺和其他附着物;严格操作规程，密封件应正确安装，防止不到位可变形;掌握密封件的性能规范和使用要求，及时更换失效件;对于边盖类薄壁零件，采用钣金冷做校正;容易磨损的轴孔类零件可采用金属喷镀、焊修、胶粘、机械加工等工艺以达到原厂尺寸;尽量使用密封胶，必要时可用油漆代用能达到理想密封效果;螺母滑丝断扣、松脱应修复或更换新件，并拧规定的扭力;橡胶密封件装配前应仔细检查外观质量;使用专门工具压配，避免敲打变形;按规定加注润滑油脂，定期清洗疏通通气孔和单向阀等。只要做到以上各点，车辆漏油的毛病是完全可以根治的。
Assembling under extremely clean conditions, no bump, scratch, burr and other attachments on the working surface of the parts; strict operating rules, seals should be installed correctly to prevent out-of-place deformability; grasp the performance specifications and use requirements of seals, timely replacement of failure parts; for thin-walled parts of edge cover, sheet metal cooling is used. Correction; metal spraying, welding repair, gluing, mechanical processing and other processes can be used to achieve the original size of axle hole parts which are easy to wear; sealant can be used as far as possible, and paint can be used instead if necessary to achieve the ideal sealing effect; nut slipper snap, loosening should be repaired or replaced with new parts, and screw to the prescribed torsion; Before assembling, the appearance quality should be carefully checked; special tools should be used to press and match to avoid knocking deformation; lubricating grease should be added according to regulations, and ventilation holes and one-way valves should be cleaned regularly. As long as the above points are achieved, the problem of vehicle oil leakage can be completely eradicated.
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