Most of the structure of the bumper is relatively simple, now focus on the structure of the more complex plastic bumper and energy absorbing bumper are introduced.

1.塑料保险杠的结构

1. Structure of plastic bumper

塑料保险杠由外板、缓冲材料和横梁三部分组成。其中外板和缓冲材料用塑料制成，横梁用塑料制成，横梁用厚度为1.5mm左右的冷轧薄板冲压成U形槽；外板和缓冲材料附着在横梁上，横梁与车架纵梁用螺栓连接，可以随时拆卸下来。塑料保险杠使用的塑料主要有聚酯系和聚丙烯系两种材料，采用注射成形法制成。

The plastic bumper is composed of outer plate, buffer material and cross beam. The outer plate and buffer material are made of plastic, the cross beam is made of plastic, and the cross beam is punched into a U-shaped groove with a thickness of about 1.5mm cold rolled sheet; the outer plate and buffer material are attached to the cross beam, and the cross beam and the frame longitudinal beam are connected by bolts, which can be removed at any time. Plastic bumpers are mainly made of polyester and polypropylene materials by injection molding.

2.吸能保险杠的结构

2. Structure of energy absorbing bumper

吸能保险杠中的吸能器主要有如下4种。

There are mainly four kinds of energy absorbers in the energy absorbing bumper.

（l）活塞式吸能器

(l) Piston energy absorber

该吸能器与减振器相似，如图8-13所示。它有一个充满液压流体的气缸，受冲击时，充满惰性气体的活塞被压入气缸，液压流体在压力下经过小孔流入活塞，受控的液压流体冲击所产生的能量推动活塞管中的浮动活塞，从而压缩惰性气体。当冲击力释放时，压缩气体的压力促使液压流体从活寨管返回气缸，这种作用使得保险杠回到原来的位置。

The absorber is similar to the shock absorber, as shown in Figure 8-13. It has a cylinder filled with hydraulic fluid. When impacted, the piston filled with inert gas is pressed into the cylinder. The hydraulic fluid flows into the piston through a small hole under pressure. The energy generated by the impact of controlled hydraulic fluid pushes the floating piston in the piston tube to compress the inert gas. When the impact force is released, the pressure of the compressed gas causes the hydraulic fluid to return from the flexible pipe to the cylinder, which makes the bumper return to its original position.

（2）弹簧式吸能器

(2) Spring energy absorber

冲击时，流体从储存器经过量阀进入外气缸。当冲击力释放时，吸能器的弹簧使得保险杠回到原来的位置。

During the impact, the fluid flows from the reservoir to the outer cylinder through the metering valve. When the impact is released, the spring of the energy absorber makes the bumper return to its original position.

（3）隔离式吸能器

(3) Isolated energy absorber

它的工作原理很像电动机座，在隔离式吸能器与车架之间有橡胶垫。受冲击时，隔离式吸能器随着冲击力而动，使橡胶垫伸展。橡胶恢复原形（除非因冲击而从其底座撕裂），从而使保险杠回到正常位置。

Its working principle is very similar to the motor base, and there is a rubber pad between the isolated energy absorber and the frame. When impacted, the isolated energy absorber moves with the impact force to extend the rubber pad. The rubber is restored to its original shape (unless it is torn from its base due to impact), thus returning the bumper to its normal position.

（4）泡沫垫吸能器

(4) foam cushion energy absorber

泡沫垫吸能器是在冲击杆和塑料面杆或盖之间，采用厚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫垫，从而代替在车架和面杆或加强杆之间安装吸能器。该垫是按在4km/h的冲撞下能回跳到原来的形状而设计的。

The foam cushion energy absorber is between the impact bar and the plastic surface rod or the cover, and uses the thick ethyl carbamate foam pad to replace the energy absorber installed between the frame and the face bar or the reinforcing rod. The cushion is designed to jump back to the original shape under the impact of 4km / h.

以上就是汽车保险杠的结构的介绍了，大家都了解了吗。希望我的分享能够给你解答困扰。跟这位朋友有同样问题的都可以关注我哦

The above is the introduction of the structure of the car bumper, do you understand it. I hope my share can give you answers. Anyone who has the same problem with this friend can pay attention to me