汽车保养常识具体如下：

　　General knowledge of vehicle maintenance is as follows:

　　1.使用适当质量等级的润滑油。

　　1. Use lubricating oil of appropriate quality grade.

　　对汽油发动机应根据进排气系统的附加装置和使用条件选用SD-SF级汽油机油;柴油发动机则要根据机械负荷选用CB-CD级柴油机油，选用标准以不低于生产厂家规定要求为准。

　　For gasoline engine, sd-sf gasoline engine oil shall be selected according to the additional devices and service conditions of intake and exhaust system; For diesel engine, cb-cd diesel engine oil shall be selected according to the mechanical load, and the selection standard shall not be lower than the requirements specified by the manufacturer.

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　　2.定期更换机油及滤芯。

　　2. Change the engine oil and filter element regularly.

　　任何质量等级的润滑油在使用过程中油质都会发生变化，为了避免故障的发生，应结合使用条件定期换油，并使油量适中。

　　The oil quality of any quality grade of lubricating oil will change during use. In order to avoid failure, the oil shall be changed regularly in combination with the service conditions, and the oil quantity shall be moderate.

　　3.保持曲轴箱通风良好。

　　3. Keep crankcase well ventilated.

　　现在大部分汽油机都装有PCV阀，但窜气中的污染物会沉积在PCV阀的周围，可能使阀堵塞。因此，须定期清理PCV阀周围的污染物。

　　Now most gasoline engines are equipped with PCV valve, but the pollutants in the blowby will deposit around the PCV valve, which may block the valve. Therefore, the contamination around the PCV valve must be cleaned regularly.

　　4.定期清洗曲轴箱。

　　4. Clean crankcase regularly.

　　发动机在运转过程中，燃烧室内的高压未燃烧气体、酸、水分、硫和氮的氧化物经过活塞环与缸壁之间的间隙进入曲轴箱中，与零件磨损产生的金属粉末混在一起，形成油泥。因此，应定期清洗曲轴箱，保持发动机内部的清洁。

　　During the operation of the engine, the oxides of high-pressure unburned gas, acid, moisture, sulfur and nitrogen in the combustion chamber enter the crankcase through the gap between the piston ring and the cylinder wall and mix with the metal powder produced by the wear of parts to form oil sludge. Therefore, the crankcase should be cleaned regularly to keep the inside of the engine clean.

　　5.定期清洗燃油系统，控制积炭的生成，能够使发动机保持佳状态。

　　5. Regularly clean the fuel system and control the generation of carbon deposit, so as to keep the engine in good condition.

　　6.发动机水箱生锈、结垢是常见的问题。

　　6. Rust and scaling of engine water tank are common problems.

　　汽车保养常识之基本常识：

　　Basic knowledge of vehicle maintenance:

　　一、机油更换常识

　　1、 General knowledge of oil change

　　机油多久更换一次?每次需要更换多少机油?关于机油的更换周期和用量是大家特别关注的问题，直接的就是去查看自己的随车保养手册，上面一般都有很清楚的介绍。但也有不少人的保养手册早就不见踪影了，此时你就要多多了解打听了。一般说来，机油的更换周期为5000公里，具体的更换周期和用量要根据车型相关信息来判断。

　　How often is the oil changed? How much oil do I need to change each time? Everyone pays special attention to the replacement cycle and amount of oil. The direct thing is to check their own on-board maintenance manual, which generally has a very clear introduction. However, many people's maintenance manuals have long disappeared. At this time, you need to know more about them. Generally speaking, the replacement cycle of engine oil is 5000 km. The specific replacement cycle and consumption should be judged according to the relevant information of the vehicle model.

　　不是所有的车型都适合车主自己动手换机油，但我们可以学会查看机油标尺，以此来判断机油是否到了该更换的时候。还有，更换机油的同时需要更换机油滤清器。

　　Not all models are suitable for owners to change the oil themselves, but we can learn to check the oil gauge to judge whether the oil is time to change. Also, the oil filter needs to be changed at the same time as the oil is changed.

　　二、防冻液使用常识

　　2、 Common sense of antifreeze

　　防冻液好全年使用，除了防冻冷却的功能，防冻液还有清洁、除锈、防腐的作用，减少水箱的腐蚀，保护发动机。注意防冻液的颜色要挑选正确，不要混用。

　　Antifreeze is good for use all year round. In addition to its antifreeze cooling function, antifreeze also has the functions of cleaning, derusting and anti-corrosion, reducing the corrosion of water tank and protecting engine. Note that the color of antifreeze should be selected correctly and should not be mixed.

　　三、刹车油使用常识

　　3、 General knowledge of brake oil

　　刹车系统的功能与刹车油有着紧密的联系，在检查更换刹车片、刹车盘等硬件时，不要忘记看看刹车油是否需要添加更换。

　　The function of the brake system is closely related to the brake oil. When checking and replacing the brake pads, brake discs and other hardware, don't forget to see if the brake oil needs to be added and replaced.

　　四、变速箱油

　　4、 Transmission oil

　　为了保证车子转向灵活，要经常检查变速箱油，不论是齿轮油还是自动变速箱油，都要注意油品的型号，通常来说都是就高的。

　　In order to ensure flexible steering of the car, always check the transmission oil, whether it is gear oil or automatic transmission oil, and pay attention to the model of the oil. Generally speaking, it is high.