为了使车架与车身的振动敏捷衰减，改进轿车跋涉的平顺性和舒适性，轿车悬架体系上一般都装有减震器，现在轿车上广泛选用的是双向效果筒式减震器。
In order to make the vibration of the frame and body attenuate quickly and improve the ride comfort and comfort of the car, the suspension system of the car is usually equipped with shock absorbers. Now the two-way effect cylinder shock absorber is widely used in the car.
减震器是轿车使用过程中的易损配件，减震器作业好坏，将直接影响轿车跋涉的平稳性和其它机件的寿数，因此我们应使减震器常常处于出色的作业状态。可用下列办法查验减震器的作业是否出色。
Shock absorber is a vulnerable part in the use of car. The operation of shock absorber will directly affect the stability of car trekking and the life of other parts. Therefore, we should make shock absorber in excellent working condition. The following methods can be used to check whether the shock absorber works well.
使轿车在路途条件较差的路面上跋涉10km后停车，用手摸减震器外壳，假设不行热，说明减震器内部无阻力，减震器不作业。此时，可参加恰当的润滑油，再进行试验，若外壳发热，则为减震器内部缺油，应加足油。
It makes the car stop after trudging 10 km on the road with poor road conditions, and touches the shock absorber shell by hand. Assuming no heat, it shows that there is no resistance inside the shock absorber and the shock absorber does not work. At this time, you can take part in the appropriate lubricating oil, and then carry out the test. If the shell is heated, there will be a lack of oil in the shock absorber, and oil should be added.
不然，说明减震器失效;用力按下保险杠，然后松开，假设轿车有2~3次跳动，则说明减震器作业出色;当轿车缓慢跋涉而紧急制动时，若轿车振动比较剧烈，说明减震器有问题。
Otherwise, it means that the shock absorber fails; press the bumper hard and release it, assuming that the car runs 2-3 times, it means that the shock absorber works well; when the car trudges slowly and brakes urgently, if the vibration of the car is more intense, it means that the shock absorber has problems.
拆下减震器将其直立，并把下端联接环夹于台钳上，用力拉压减振杆数次，此时应有安稳的阻力，往上拉的阻力应大于向下压时的阻力，如阻力不安稳或无阻力，可能是减震器内部缺油或阀门零件损坏，应进行修正或替换零件。
Remove the shock absorber and erect it. Clamp the lower end connection ring on the bench clamp. Pull the shock absorber rod several times with force. At this time, there should be stable resistance. The resistance to pull up should be greater than that to press down. If the resistance is unstable or no resistance, it may be oil shortage inside the shock absorber or damage to the valve parts, the parts should be corrected or replaced.
在断定减震器有问题或失效后，应先检查减震器是否漏油或有陈旧性漏油的痕迹。
After determining that the shock absorber is defective or invalid, it is necessary to check whether the shock absorber leaks oil or has traces of obsolete oil leakage.
油封垫圈、密封垫圈决裂损坏，贮油缸盖螺母松动。可能是油封、密封垫圈损坏失效，应替换新的密封件。假设依然不能消除漏油，应拉出减震器，若感到有发卡或轻重纷歧时，再进一步检查活塞与缸筒间的空地是否过大，减震器活塞连杆有无曲折，活塞连杆外表和缸筒是否有划伤或拉痕。
Oil seal gasket, seal gasket crack damage, storage cylinder head nut loose. It may be that the oil seal and gasket are damaged and invalid. New seals should be replaced. Assuming that the oil leakage can not be eliminated, the shock absorber should be pulled out. If there is a hairpin or discrepancy in weight, the space between the piston and cylinder should be further checked to see if it is too large, whether the piston connecting rod of the shock absorber is tortuous, whether there are scratches or scratches on the surface of the piston connecting rod and cylinder.
果减震器没有漏油的现象，则应检查减震器联接销、联接杆、联接孔、橡胶、衬套等是否有损坏、脱焊、决裂或掉落之处。若上述检查正常。
If there is no oil leakage in the shock absorber, it is necessary to check whether there are any damages, soldering, cracks or drops in the connecting pins, connecting rods, connecting holes, rubber and bushings of the shock absorber. If the above examination is normal.
则应进一步分解减震器，检查活塞与缸筒间的协作空地是否过大，缸筒有无拉伤，阀门密封是否出色，阀瓣与阀座贴合是否严密，以及减震器的蔓延弹簧是否过软或折断，依据状况采用修磨或换件的办法修补。
The shock absorber should be further decomposed to check whether the collaboration space between piston and cylinder is too large, whether cylinder is pulled, whether valve seal is excellent, whether the valve disc and seat fit tightly, and whether the spreader spring of the shock absorber is too soft or broken. According to the condition, repair or replacement is adopted.
别的，减震器在实际使用中会出现宣布响声的毛病，这首要是因为减震器与钢板弹簧、车架或轴相碰撞，胶垫损坏或掉落以及减震器防尘筒变形，油液缺乏等原因引起的，应查明原因，予以修补。
In addition, there will be announcement noise in the actual use of shock absorbers. This is mainly due to the collision between shock absorbers and leaf springs, frame or axles, damage or fall of rubber pads, deformation of shock absorber dust cylinder, lack of oil and other reasons. The reasons should be identified and repaired.
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